Psychiatria pre prax 1/2025
Aggregation of mental disorders among relatives
Study aims: The aim of the research was to verify the theoretical assumptions about heritability and aggregation of selected diagnostic groups of psychiatric disorders in patients at the Psychiatric Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine of the Comenius University and the UNB. The research included a psychosocial component, assessment of the environment in childhood and adolescence and assessment of the environment in the present, from which we also made an output to complement the comprehensive biopsychosocial approach. File and method: The study included 105 patients, of whom 100 patients were admitted to the Psychiatric Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine of the Medical University of Bratislava and the University of Medical Sciences in Bratislava after evaluation of the entry and exit criteria. We administered a questionnaire to the patients, focusing on their personal and family history and assessment of their childhood, adolescence and current environment. The results were statistically and analytically processed and compared with the literature. Results: The results of the research confirmed all the hypotheses that we determined on the basis of the theoretical foundations of the literature. The first hypothesis was that the main psychiatric disorder diagnosed to the patient occurs more frequently in his relatives than it is in the other subgroups of patients studied. In forming this hypothesis, we drew on older but also current scientific sources. The second hypothesis was that relatives of patients in the F2x subgroup have the highest morbidity of psychiatric disorders compared to relatives of patients in the other subgroups. In forming this hypothesis, we drew on the literature that suggests shared genetic elements between schizophrenia spectrum disorders and other major psychiatric disorders. A final hypothesis was that patients from each subgroup differed in their negative appraisal of their childhood and adolescent environment, which was developed to complement the biopsychosocial model and approach to the patient. Conclusion: The results of the research confirmed the theoretical assumptions about the heritability of psychiatric disorders and aggregation of psychiatric disorders in clinical practice, i.e. in patients and their relatives who were hospitalized at the psychiatric clinic of LF UK and UN Bratislava.
Keywords: heredity, genetics, biopsychosocial model, etiology in psychiatry
