Pediatria pre prax 4/2020

Rare case of sideropenic anemia of unclear etiology

Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis is a rare chronic disease in children with a severe prognosis. The etiology of the disease is not exactly known and diagnosis is difficult due to variable clinical manifestations. It is manifested by diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and clinical signs such as sideropenic anemia, recurrent or chronic cough, haemoptysis and dyspnoea. However, these symptoms are less common in children at the onset of the disease, resulting in delayed diagnosis. In the case report, we demonstrate a rare case of a 7-year-old boy with sideropenic anemia of unclear etiology and confirmed pulmonary hemosiderosis. Treatment with a combination of immunosuppressants resulted in prompt correction of the clinical condition.

Keywords: anemia, hemosiderosis, hemorrhage, hemoptysis, dyspnoea