Onkológia 2/2023

Gilteritinib for the treatment of relapsed and/or refractory FLT3-mutated acute myeloid leukemia

Despite advances in frontline treatment with recently approved therapies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), most patients experience relapsed/refractory (R/R) disease. R/R AML has a median overall survival (OS) of 4-7 months with standard chemotherapy approaches, emphasizing the importance of newly approved targeted therapies and the need for additional treatment options. Mutations in the Fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor 3 (FLT3) are found in up to one-third of AML patients. Gilteritinib is a highly potent second-generation FLT3 inhibitor that was found to be effective against FLT3-mutated AML. Gilteritinib has recently been approved by the FDA (The Food and Drug Administration) and EMA (European Medicines Agency) as monotherapy for patients with R/R FLT 3-mutated AML based on the results of the ADMIRAL trial. Gilteritinib was associated with improved overall survival. In this article, we review the current landscape of approved FLT3 inhibitors in AML, including the current standard of care.

Keywords: Despite advances in frontline treatment with recently approved therapies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), most patients experience relapsed/refractory (R/R) disease. R/R AML has a median overall survival (OS) of 4-7 months with standard chemotherapy approaches, emphasizing the importance of newly approved targeted therapies and the need for additional treatment options. Mutations in the Fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor 3 (FLT3) are found in up to one-third of AML patients. Gilteritinib is a highly potent second-generation FLT3 inhibitor that was found to be effective against FLT3-mutated AML. Gilteritinib has recently been approved by the FDA (The Food and Drug Administration) and EMA (European Medicines Agency) as monotherapy for patients with R/R FLT 3-mutated AML based on the results of the ADMIRAL trial. Gilteritinib was associated with improved overall survival. In this article, we review the current landscape of approved FLT3 inhibitors in AML, including the current standard of care.