Via practica 3-4/2014

New possibilities of treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Enhancement of incretin effect (glucagon-like peptid-1 analogs and inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-4) is new therapeutic approach in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Incretin-based therapy has possitive effect on these ethiopathogenetic mechanisms for development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (reduced incretin effect, increased secretion of glucagone), that were not affected by previous therapeutic modalities. Another possible new way in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus represent sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. This class of drugs affect different ethiopathogenetic mechanism for development of type 2 diabetes mellitus – increased reabsorbtion of glucose in proximal renal tubule. Due to progressive dysfunction of B-cells of pancreas, which is a key feature of type 2 diabetes, insulin therapy is often necessary in these patients. Research, in area especially of new insulin analogues which more closely match normal physiologic insulin secretion, continues. Non- injectable forms of insulin are also perspectives of insulin treatment.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, incretin-based therapy, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors, insulin treatment.