Via practica 1/2025
Pertussis with a focus on the increased incidence in 2024
Pertussis (whooping cough) is a highly contagious bacterial respiratory disease that poses the greatest risk to infants, the elderly, polymorbid patients, and individuals with weakened immune systems. Despite widespread vaccination programs, the number of pertussis cases has been increasing in recent decades. Early diagnosis relies on PCR analysis of nasopharyngeal swabs, while serological methods may be utilized in later stages of the disease. Treatment is indicated for patients with confirmed infection and for symptomatic contacts of confirmed cases. The antibiotics of choice are macrolides, most commonly azithromycin or clarithromycin. Post-exposure prophylaxis is crucial for individuals at high risk of complications. Vaccination remains an effective means of preventing the spread of the disease. In adults, emphasis is placed on vaccinating high-risk groups and pregnant women during each pregnancy to ensure newborn protection. The article highlights the importance of rational antibiotic use and focuses on current epidemiological trends in Europe and Slovakia.
Keywords: pertussis, diagnosis, treatment, vaccination, macrolides
