Urologie pro praxi 5/2018

Urinary schistosomiasis in differential diagnosis of microhematuria in a young man

Schistosomiasis is the second most widespread tropical desease after malaria. This infection occurs as an infection imported from endemic areas into the Czech Republic. Swimming in the contaminated water is a risk factor of the schistosomiasis. The presented case report describes the case of a young 37-years-old man with a positive traveler's history and repeated asymptomatic microhemathuria accompanied by antibiotic non-responsive leukocytes. According to the completed CT examination and cystoscopy, suspicion of bladder cancer was reported. Transurethral resection of suspected bladder tumor was performed, histologically parasite bodies were found in the preparation. A more detailed parasitological examination confirmed the diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis. The patient was assigned to the care of infectious agents, he was treated with an antihelmintic praziquantel, currently without evidence of recurrence of the disease. Because of the higher risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder, patients with this diagnosis should be monitored with repeated cystoscopy.

Keywords: urinary schistosomiasis, microhemathuria, bladder cancer.