Urologie pro praxi 1/2023

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease from urological point of view

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disease that leads to chronic renal failure in about half of patients. It is a multisystem disease with a predominance of kidney affection and significantly worsening the patient‘s health. Causal therapy is not known. Renal complications include urinary tract infections, nephrolithiasis, hematuria, cyst bleeding and others. Treatment in chronic renal failure includes renal replacement therapy - hemodialysis/peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation. Indication, timing and technique of nephrectomy of native polycystic kidneys remains controversial. It is necessary to proceed individually, there is no clear consensus. It is not recommended to perform nephrectomy routinely. It also has its surgical aspects and implications. Native nephrectomy is recommended in symptomatic kidneys, in asymptomatic kidneys when it is necessary to obtain a place for kidney transplantation and in kidneys where a tumor is suspected. This review focuses on important aspects of ADPKD for urologists.

Keywords: autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, ADPKD, native nephrectomy.