Psychiatria pre prax 4/2023

New pharmaceuticals in the treatment of insomnia

Sleep disorders are among the most common reasons why patients seek general practitioners or psychiatrists. The annual prevalence of insomnia in the adult population is estimated at up to 40%. Sleep disorders can occur in isolation or in combination with another underlying disorder. Non-pharmacological measures and procedures, even though they are an integral part of insomnia therapy, are not always preferred by patients and even doctors. Pharmacotherapy of sleep disorders includes a wide spectrum of drugs. Sleep medicine and its research are constantly evolving, which also brings new pharmaceuticals. The aim of the article is to provide a brief overview of the basic properties and use of new drugs in the treatment of insomnia. Namely, melatonin receptor agonists and dual orexin receptor antagonists are represented in the article. Even though these drugs are still used marginally in practice, they have a their place in the therapy of sleep disorders. When indicated correctly, they can bring significant benefits to patients in the form of quality sleep.

Keywords: pharmacotherapy, sleep, insomnia, melatonin, orexin, insomnia