Praktické lekárnictvo 1/2024

Oral manifestations of pharmacological treatment of systemic diseases

In the aging population, the number of prescription drugs for the treatment of systemic diseases is also constantly increasing. In particular, the desired or therapeutic effect of the drug is expected during pharmacological therapy. As the volume of pharmacotherapy in the population increases, it can be predicted that the incidence of adverse reactions, including oral ones, will also continue to increase. These manifestations can also be confused with the onset of a new disease, which causes a delay in causal treatment with the possible emergence of serious complications. Several diseases have been identified that can help a physician determine the possible relationship between the causes and consequences of a particular drug or group of drugs. Their pathogenesis involves complex interactions between the drug in question, other drugs, the patient's underlying disease, genetics, and environmental factors. The most common side effects in the oral cavity include xerostomia, taste disturbance, stomatitis, oral lichenoid reaction, pigmentation in harsh climates, gingival hyperplasia, bullous dermatoses and osteonecrosis. These oral manifestations have an adverse effect on oral health and also increase the risk of infection, pain, tooth loss and general health complications.

Keywords: adverse drug reactions, oral manifestations, systemic treatment