Pediatria pre prax 1/2020

Prognosis of the risk newborns

Advances in obstetric and neonatal care have led to an improved survival rate of premature newborns over the past few years. However, from a prognosis perspective, several studies document the prevalence of a wide range of neurodevelopmental disorders in preterm infants. The article summarizes some of the prognostically most serious disorders in this high risk group and the results of long-term morbidity of very low birth weight newborns born in Slovakia, where the incidence of all forms of long-term disability in the period from 2000 to 2016, despite increase in the proportion of immature newborn infants in all weight categories and decreasing specific neonatal mortality, experienced a decreasing trend (CP: decrease in the group with birth weight below 1 000 g from 10.4 to 9.55 %, in the group 1 000–1 500 g from 10.3 to 5.73 %, mental retardation: decrease in the group with birth weight below 1 000 g from 10.4 to 7.73 %, in group 1 000–1 500 g from 10.3 to 4.13 %, hearing impairment: deafness – decrease in group under 1 000 g from 4.16 to 0.91 %, in group 1 000–1 500 g from 2.1 to 0.6 %, visual impairment: blindness – decrease in the group below 1 000 g from 9.2 to 0.46 %, in the group 1 000–1 500 g from 3.7 to 0.46 %) (1).

Keywords: prematurity, CP, mental retardation, blindness, deafness