Onkológia 1/2015

The incidence and management of side effects of tyrosinekinase inhibitors for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia

In the last decade, the development of imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has brought about unprecedented change in the way newly diagnosed, chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia patients are treated. Next-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors were initially indicated for imatinib-resistant or imatinib-intolerant chronic myeloid leukemia patients . In comparison with the previous standards of care, benefits with these tyrosine kinase inhibitors have included more rapid response rates, increased survival, and fewer side effects. The improved long-term outcomes have altered the approach to management of chronic myeloid leukemia from a progressive fatal disease with a poor prognosis to a chronic condition similar to diabetes or hypertension. Prolonged survival increases the need for patient education, support, monitoring, and assistance with adverse event management. Even low-grade side effects can adversely affect patients’ quality of life and, therefore, require prompt attention to prevent longterm complications or suboptimal outcomes. Knowledge of adverse effects and their timely resolution, we can contribute to an optimal outcome.

Keywords: tyrosine kinase inhibitors, side effects, management of side effects of TKI.