Onkológia 1/2024

Large B-cell lymphomas – paradigm 2024

Large B-cell lymphomas make up 40% of all malignant lymphomas. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a subtype of NHL, with an incidence of 30-58% of all types of NHL. It arises de novo or by transformation from indolent lymphomas. Certain subtypes of DLBCL respond poorly to the first line treatment due to their aggressive nature. Large molecular heterogeneity is the reason why treatment failure occurs despite other more intensive lines of treatment. Patients who progressed during first-line treatment, did not achieve complete remission, relapsed within 12 months of treatment or patients with an early relapse after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (ASCT) have a low probability of long-term survival and need more effective treatment. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), CAR-T cell treatment, bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) have shown high therapeutic efficacy in refractory/relapsed (R/R) DLBCL clinical trials after 2 or more lines of systemic therapy. Treatment options using innovative drugs are briefly characterized in our work.

Keywords: diffuse large cell lymphoma of B origin, treatment, conjugated antibodies, CAR-T, bispecific antibodies