Onkológia 5/2024

Simultaneous bi-lineage hematological malignancy in pediatric patient – case report

Introduction: Two concurrent hematological malignancies of one patient are extremely rare, even more so if the patient is a child. The treatment of such patients is extremely difficult, there are no standardized treatment protocols for them, and their overall survival is generally lower compared to patients with a single malignancy. Case: In the case report, we describe the case of a 10-year-old boy with synchronous dual hematological malignancy - T-lymphoblastic lymphoma and acute myeloblastic leukemia. By using chemotherapy together with targeted treatment, we managed to achieve a complete remission of both diseases of patient and subsequently he successfully underwent an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. Conclusion: With the use of a combination of chemotherapy, targeted treatment and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation the patient achieved and has been in complete remission for 5 years.

Keywords: simultaneous malignancy, acute myeloblastic leukemia, T-lymphoblastic lymphoma, FLT3-ITD, sorafenib