Onkológia 6/2022

Advances in the treatment of T-cell lymphomas

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are a heterogeneous group of hematological malignancies with aggressive behavior and often adverse prognosis. The World Health Organization (WHO) revision of the classification of lymphoid neoplasms was published in 2022 and changed the designation of certain entities. Despite progress in lymphoma treatment over the last few years, therapy of PTCL remains a challenge. Standard anticancer treatment does not achieve the desired clinical results, and relapses occur frequently. In most cases, following the administration of first-line therapy, consolidation with high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation is needed. Efforts are currently underway to identify combined regimens and targeted anticancer drugs that could help improve the survival in patients with PTCL. Brentuximab vedotin has opened a new era in the management of CD30-positive PTCL, according to the results of recent clinical trials, ALK kinase inhibitors and hypomethylating agents also appear promising in the treatment of PTCL. CAR T-cell therapy and bispecific antibodies are new types of antitumor immunotherapy that may bring hope for long-term remission in patients with relapsed or refractory disease.

Keywords: Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, chemotherapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, brentuximab vedotin, targeted therapy