Onkológia 1/2012

New possibilities and view for treatment of castration resistent prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is currently known as the most common cancer and the second leading cause of death from cancer in men in Western population. Advanced prostate cancer is initially sensitive to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) but later on progresses to castrationresistant state. Understanding the mechanisms that transform prostate cancer (PCA) into a castration-resistant state enables investigators to explore supression of extraresticular andronegs and other critical pathways to suggest appropriate and rational therapeutic design. Docetaxel based chemotherapy is established as the standard first line chemotherapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistatnt advanced prostate cancer with improved survival. However, prognosis remains poor and median survival is usually not longer than 2 years. Several Phase III studies have been completed recently, e.g. with new antiandrogens, new taxanes, imunotherapy and therapeutic antibodies. Multidisciplinary management and optimization of their role and and the most approprate timing is the most important task in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.

Keywords: prostate cancer, androgen-deprivation therapy, castrate resistant, abiraterone, docetaxel, chemotherapy, cabazitaxel, immunotherapy, Sipuelcel-T, Prostvac-VF, cabozantinib.