Onkológia 3/2015

Treatment of bone metastases in castration resistant prostate cancer – current view

Prostate cancer (PC) is the most frequent solid neoplasm in Europe and therefore is regarded as one of the major medical problem of the male population. PC is extremely complicated and interindividual different tumor. The method of treatment depends on several factors, but mainly on the stage of prostate cancer. Men with CRPC (castration resistant prostate cancer) are quite a heterogeneous group. Survival can range from only a few months to 4 years or more. Approximately 70 % of patients with advanced prostate cancer will develop bone metastases, which reduces their quality of life. Cancer patients with bone metastases are at a high risk for developing skeletal complications (SRE – skeletal related events such as bone pain, pathologic fractures, bone pain, radiation therapy of bone, surgery of bone system, spinal cord compression) associated with an increased morbidity and mortality of disabled men. Bone pain is one of the most intractable problem and conventional analgesics may not always provide relief. Historically, therapy had little effect beyond modest palliation. More recently, significantly more options have become available and there are now several treatment possibilities that not only improve quality of life and relief pain, but also increase overall survival. Increasing basic knowledge about treating CRPC should improve the care of patients with advanced PC.

Keywords: castration resistant prostate cancer, bone metastases, diagnosis, therapy.