Neurológia pre prax 2/2011

Old and new diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer’s disease in the conditions of the Czech Republic

In spite of the fact, that we don´t correctly know the ethiopatogenesis of Alzheimer´s disease and thus we are unable to cure this disease, it is important timely diagnostics. At the case of the determination of correct diagnose we are able to start therapy in time. This therapy is able to remove the advanced stadia of the disease, to extend the mild stadia of the disease, to improve of the quality of live of the patiens. For the diagnostics there are still used McKhann´s kriteria, going out of the clinical picture of the disease. In 2007 there were elaborated by prof. Dubois et al. the new criterias, based on the determination of the protein triplet (tau, phospho-tau and beta-amyloid 42) in cerebrospinal fluid, on the MRI scan (volumetry of medial temporal areas and the temporal corners of side brain chambers), on the determination of the cerebral blood flow in the temporal and parietal lobes by positron emission tomography and on the determination of beta-amyloid deposits in the brain by positron emission tomography. Important biomarker of Alzheimer´s disease is early disturbance of episodic memory. In present time there are investigated the new diagnostic methods, for instance the determination of some biomarkers from the blood.

Keywords: Alzheimer´s disease, dementia, diagnostic criterias, differential diagnostics.