Neurológia pre prax 6/2013

Sleep disturbances in Parkinson’s disease

Sleep-Wake disturbances belong to the most common and disabling nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson‘s disease (PD) as they affect 50–95% patients. Etiology of impaired sleep and wakefulness in PD is multifactorial. Its most important causes are co-existent primary sleep disorders, medication side effects, overnight re-emergence of motor symptoms, psychiatric comorbidities and primary neurodegeneration of sleep regulating brain areas itself. To date, very few controlled studies are available to make a recommendation for their management, thus treatment of sleep-wake disturbances in PD must be tailored individually with respect to presence of comorbidities and patients preferences.

Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, REM sleep behavior disorder.