Neurológia pre prax 4/2022

Malformations of cortical development and their epilepsy surgery

Congenital malformations of cortical development (MCD) are frequent underlying pathology of focal structural epilepsies in children as well as adults. MCDs form a broad group of disorders ranging from well-localized lesions in focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) type II, through lobar and multilobar involvement in FCD types I and II, to extensive malformations affecting one or both hemispheres (hemimegalencephaly, lissencephaly). Pharmacoresistance, which is defined as the failure of two adequately selected anti-seizure drugs at the maximum tolerated doses, is reported in 65% of patients with MCD. For many patients with MCD epilepsy surgery is the only option for successful treatment. This manuscript presents MCDs that can be treated by epilepsy surgery.

Keywords: epilepsy, epilepsy surgery, malformations of cortical development (MCD), focal cortical dysplasias (FCD)