Dermatológia pre prax 4/2022

Basic injection application techniques with botulinum toxin used in dermatology

Botulinum toxin is one of the basic and statistically most frequently applied methods in aesthetic medicine. In 2020, more than 14.4 million aesthetic non-surgical procedures were performed worldwide. Botulinum toxin was injected for aesthetic purposes in 42.3%, which represents 6.2 million applications. We currently know that botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and there are 8 serotypes (A, B, C1, C2, D, E, F, G). For therapeutic purposes in dermatology, 3 molecules of serotype A have been approved: Onabotulinumtoxin A, Abobotulinumtoxin A and Incobotulinumtoxin A intended for the treatment of hyperfunctional mimic wrinkles of the face or excessive sweating in the armpits. Depending on the effect we want to achieve, the toxin can be applied intramuscularly, subepidermally or intradermally. Basic sites for intramuscular botulinum toxin application include hyperfunctional forehead lines, glabellar lines, and lateral canthal lines. Fine wrinkles around the eyes and primary axillary hyperhidrosis are suitable for subepidermal and intradermal application of botulinumtoxin. New among facial rejuvenation treatments is the microbotox technique of using diluted botulinum toxin in reduced doses.

Keywords: onabotulinumtoxin A, abobotulinumtoxin A, mimic lines, axillary hyperhidrosis, microbotox