Dermatológia pre prax 3/2020

Congenital melanocytic nevi in children

In childhood we can observe a multiple types of melanocytic nevi on the children´s skin. The most common are congenital melanocytic lesions, which differ according to the size and nature of the lesion. Congenital melanocytic lesions occur in the population in 1 to 6%. Small congenital nevi are relatively common and can be found in up to 1 in 100 children. The most complicated lesions in terms of prognosis for the patient and long-term follow-up by dermatologists are enormous, «giant nevi», which mostly cover the entire anatomical area and in 60% are accompanied by the finding of neurocutaneous melanosis in leptomeninges. In «giant nevi», the associated finding on the skin of the patient is the presence of multiple satellite nevi at 70%. With the size of the congenital melanocytic nevus, the risk of an eventual malignant transformation is directly proportional. In large and giant nevi, this change may occur even before puberty.

Keywords: neurocutaneous melanosis, satellite nevi, protein S100, giant nevi