Anestéziológia a intenzívna medicína 1/2024

Intoxication of isoniazid – case report

According to available data, the incidence of tuberculosis in Slovakia has stabilized. Nevertheless, outbreaks of infection still appear. Isoniazid represents the oldest form of treatment tuberculosis and also the most effective form of prophylaxis. Taking isoniazid in large quantities represents a risk of serious health damage. The drug is rapidly absorbed from the digestive tract and quickly reaches high plasma levels. In this thesis we focus on the pharmacological properties of the drug with an emphasis on the neurotoxicity mechanism. When a patient takes a toxic dose, the drug’s neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity with the risk of acute hepatic failure and acute renal failure due to high levels of myoglobin and creatine kinase are manifested. In our case report, we present the case of a patient who, with suicidal intent, took a high dose of isoniazid with successful treatment with high doses of pyridoxine.

Keywords: isoniazid, pyridoxine, treatment of acute poisoning, seizures induced by isoniazid